Finding standard scores for visual vision tests of the smashing skill from position (2-4) for volleyball players aged (13-15) years

Abstract

The research aims to establish standard scores and levels for visual vision tests of the smashing skill from position (2-4) for volleyball players aged (13-15) years. To achieve the goal, the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method to suit it with the research problem, The research community included players from the National Center for Sports Talent Care in volleyball, aged (13-15) years, distributed among (4) centers, including (Baghdad, Wasit, Al-Muthanna, Al-Anbar), who numbered (110) players and were of community origin, The sample was chosen intentionally, and its number was (110) players, who represent (100%) of the community of origin. The sample was divided as follows: (5) players for the exploratory experiment sample, (50) players were chosen for the construction sample, and (10) players were taken for the scientific foundations sample from the construction sample. As for the rationing sample, it included the entire sample, which numbered 60 players. By conducting exploratory experiments, the validity of the tests was confirmed, and their scientific characteristics were achieved (validity, consistency, and objectivity), as well as their ability to distinguish the research sample. Appropriate statistical treatments were conducted. The researchers concluded that visual vision tests for the smashing skill from the centre (2_4) are an objective criterion because they are more realistic when evaluating the game of volleyball. The researchers recommend adopting visual vision tests for the smashing skill from center (2_4) in the process of continuous evaluation of players, In addition, it is an important factor in selecting players qualified to represent the national volleyball team, as well as adopting bicycles and the standard levels that the study reached in the process of evaluating volleyball players aged (13-15) years, There is also the need to constantly update the grades and standard levels according to the abilities and levels of the players.